Oceans height is determined by many factors, as it is not a flat mass of water, so it is affected by many things. The melting of land based glaciers increases sea level, winds and the tide change it as well due to them moving water around in a specific way. Gravity changes the density of water, which means that the more gravity there is the more compact the water is, changing its height.
Scientists have managed to find a way to accurately determine sea level with the use of current technology. Satellites allow scientists to measure sea level from directly above, with satellites emitting a radio wave that acts as a sonar wave like bats. The satellite measures the time in which it takes for the radio wave to bounce back, meaning that it can accurately measure the height of the oceans granted that it was calibrated and coded properly with only a tolerance for mistake of one to two centimeters.
I have made a graph on infogr.am that displays the sea levels of Hawaii and San Diego over the course of fifteen years. Click here to view this graph
Sea level change due to increase in temperature that was caused by CO2
Recent sea level rise that compares a three year average with satellite altimetry
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